«The legacy of the 20th century is still alive in China»
Wang Hui started his lecture with describing the unique history of China in the 20th century. In a time when most empires dissolved China could keep the territorial and ethnic identity between the Qing empire and the republic and later the People’s Republic (PRC). More than any other country in the 20th century China was marked by a long revolution beginning in 1911 (with the foundation of the republic) and lasting until the end of the cultural revolution (1976/7). This explains most important continuities and basic disruptures. During the cold war China could keep its independence to both sides and was not as much affected by the crisis of socialism in the late 1980s even if the incidents of 1989 were expressing a deep economic, social and political instability.
As was stressed by Wang Hui, to understand the ability of the PRC for renewal it is important to take the innerparty struggle of the 1950s to the 1970s into account. This struggle enabled the party to accommodate to new situations even if this struggle had most tragic dimensions. It was the delegitimation of the previous development during the cultural revolution which opened the way to encompassing reforms in the late 1970s. The reforms started from rural areas best known by many cadres expelled from the top leadership. So the reform process is part of the tremendous and lasting mobilization of the Chinese peasantry in the 20th century during the long revolution, industrialization, urbanization and the market oriented reforms.
Wang Hui described the new stage of development as a time of depolitzation of the society. The party-state was transformed. A statization of the party occurred. The situation is marked by postparty politics. The process of capital accumulation have penetrated the innermost of the party and the state. The socialist future of the country is uncertain. In the discussion Wang Hui stressed that the current conflicts in the South China Sea cannot be solved on the basis of nation-state separation but just on cooperation, by building open spaces, bridges or «silk roads». Forms of participation based on interest and common development should be put into the centre.
Michael Brie
Bericht in deutscher Sprache:
«Das Vermächtnis des 20. Jahrhunderts ist in China bis heute noch sehr lebendig» (Wang Hui)
Professor Dr. Wang Hui (1959) is working at the Departments of Chinese Language and Literature and of History, Tsinghua University, Beijing. His researches focus on contemporary Chinese literature and intellectual history. He was the executive editor of the magazine Dushu from May 1996 to July 2007.Wang Hui has been Visiting Professor at Harvard, Edinburgh, Bologna (Italy), Stanford, UCLA, Berkeley, and the University of Washington, among others. Among his works are: The End of the Revolution. China and the Limits of Modernity. London; New York: Verso 2011; China from Empire to Nation-State. Cambridge: Harvard University Press 2014; China’s Twentieth Century: Revolution, Retreat and the Road to Equality. London: Verso 2016. |